VJKKVJKF Charanjeet Singh,
In reality even the majority of people who listen to Shastriya Sangeet don't have knowledge of Raags, and only after a lot of listening is one able to differentiate between Raags, usually by recognising the common phrases (chalans) which are unique to each Raag. The point being one doesn't have to understand Raags to appreciate them and when it comes to Gurmat Sangeet, as Bhai Kulbir Singh has suggested, the Shabad prevails as per parampara of Gurmat Sangeet.
Saying all that, more knowledge of Raags can only enhance one's appreciation of Gurmat Sangeet, of the skill of a Raagi and the Greatness of Guru Sahib.
With that in mind, I'd highly recommend going through this series of YouTube Videos by Anuja Kamat which goes through the basic theory of Shastriya Sangeet :
Basic Theory of Indian Classical MusicOn top of that, I'd also recommend going through the series 'Raag Naad Shabad Sohne' by FatehTV, presented by Principal Sukhwant Singh (Jawaddi Taksal):
FatehTV : Raag Naad Shabad SohneEach episode contains all the information you mentioned. At the beginning of each episode, Principal Sahib goes through the Raag and it's various faculties before a Shabad in the Raag is sung by a Raagi. It really is an excellent series and should be promoted more.